Definition of Microorganisms
Are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
They living things that can be only seen through a magnifying glass or microscope
Microorgansims are Living Things
They can be found in the air, water, soil, food and in the human body
They exists in various shapes and sizes.
There are various types of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa
Bacteria
Bacteria are the most diverse and abundant group of organism on Earth. Bacteria inhabit practically all environments where some liquid water is available and the temperature is below +140 °C. They are found in sea water, soil, air, animals' gastrointestinal tract, hot spirng and even deep beneath the Earth's crust in rocks. Practically all surfaces which have not been specially sterilized are covered in bacteria.
So they live in dark, warm, damp and dirty places
Bacteria reproduces if they have enough food, water and a suitable temperature.
Virus
The virus is the smallest microorganism. Virus can only been seen under a special microscope called electron microsocpe.
Virus can harm humans, plants and animals.
Fungi
The fungi is the largest microorganism. Some fungi such as mould and yeast live in soil, garbage, food or on other living things.
Occurring worldwide, most fungi are largely invisible to the naked eye, living for the most part in soil, dead matter, and as symbionts of plants, animals, or other fungi. They perform an essential role in all ecosystems in decomposing organic matter and are indispensable in nutrient cycling and exchange. Some fungi become noticeable when fruiting, either as mushrooms or molds.
Fungi reproduce by producing spores.
Protozoa
Protozoa which are larger than viruses and bacteria, live in water or damp places.
Figure below shows some of exampels of protozoa as seen in microscope.
What microorganism do
Since they living things they carry out the following processes:
a) grow in term of size
b) need to eat to stay alive
c) reproduce
d) excrete waste
e) breathe
f) Move
Grow
Example of how microorganism moves can be observed by looking rooting ood such as spoilt fruits.
Eat
Reproduce
All living things reproduce. Reproduction is the process of generating offspring. There are two main types of reproduction: sexual and asexual. Some organisms reproduce by only one method of reproduction and others can reproduce using either
method. Microorganisms can reproduce sexually and asexually.
The type of reproduction where cells from only one parent are used, is called asexual reproduction. Only genetically identical organisms are produced by this type of reproduction. In evolutionary terms, asexual reproduction came before sexual reproduction. During sexual reproduction, two cells, one from each parent, fuse to form a new organism. Microbes have survived for billions of years because they can reproduce quickly and in so many different ways.
Excrete waste
Move
Some microorganisms are harmful and useful
1.The uses of microorganisms are such as:
a)Making bread.
Yeast is used to help dough
to rise in making bread.
b)Making tapai. Tapai is a popular food in Malaysia.
It is made from gluntious rice or also tapioca.
Yeast is added to make tapai.
c)Making tempe. Tempe is another kind of food that
uses yeast. Its made from soya bean.
d)Making fertilizers.
Bacteria and fungi cause dead organisms
to decay to form natural fertilizers.
e)Making cheese/Making yogurt.
Some bacteria and fungi can be use
to make cheese and yogurt.
f)Making medicines such as antibiotic.
Fungi are used to produce antibiotic.
Microorganisms can be harmful too!
Here are some harmful effects of microorganisms.
Some microorganisms that enter the body can cause illness.
Are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
They living things that can be only seen through a magnifying glass or microscope
Microorgansims are Living Things
They can be found in the air, water, soil, food and in the human body
They exists in various shapes and sizes.
There are various types of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa
Bacteria
Bacteria are the most diverse and abundant group of organism on Earth. Bacteria inhabit practically all environments where some liquid water is available and the temperature is below +140 °C. They are found in sea water, soil, air, animals' gastrointestinal tract, hot spirng and even deep beneath the Earth's crust in rocks. Practically all surfaces which have not been specially sterilized are covered in bacteria.
So they live in dark, warm, damp and dirty places
Bacteria reproduces if they have enough food, water and a suitable temperature.
Virus
The virus is the smallest microorganism. Virus can only been seen under a special microscope called electron microsocpe.
Virus can harm humans, plants and animals.
Fungi
The fungi is the largest microorganism. Some fungi such as mould and yeast live in soil, garbage, food or on other living things.
Occurring worldwide, most fungi are largely invisible to the naked eye, living for the most part in soil, dead matter, and as symbionts of plants, animals, or other fungi. They perform an essential role in all ecosystems in decomposing organic matter and are indispensable in nutrient cycling and exchange. Some fungi become noticeable when fruiting, either as mushrooms or molds.
Fungi reproduce by producing spores.
Protozoa
Protozoa which are larger than viruses and bacteria, live in water or damp places.
Figure below shows some of exampels of protozoa as seen in microscope.
What microorganism do
Since they living things they carry out the following processes:
a) grow in term of size
b) need to eat to stay alive
c) reproduce
d) excrete waste
e) breathe
f) Move
Grow
Example of how microorganism moves can be observed by looking rooting ood such as spoilt fruits.
Eat
Reproduce
All living things reproduce. Reproduction is the process of generating offspring. There are two main types of reproduction: sexual and asexual. Some organisms reproduce by only one method of reproduction and others can reproduce using either
method. Microorganisms can reproduce sexually and asexually.
The type of reproduction where cells from only one parent are used, is called asexual reproduction. Only genetically identical organisms are produced by this type of reproduction. In evolutionary terms, asexual reproduction came before sexual reproduction. During sexual reproduction, two cells, one from each parent, fuse to form a new organism. Microbes have survived for billions of years because they can reproduce quickly and in so many different ways.
Excrete waste
Move
Some microorganisms are harmful and useful
1.The uses of microorganisms are such as:
a)Making bread.
Yeast is used to help dough
to rise in making bread.
b)Making tapai. Tapai is a popular food in Malaysia.
It is made from gluntious rice or also tapioca.
Yeast is added to make tapai.
c)Making tempe. Tempe is another kind of food that
uses yeast. Its made from soya bean.
d)Making fertilizers.
Bacteria and fungi cause dead organisms
to decay to form natural fertilizers.
e)Making cheese/Making yogurt.
Some bacteria and fungi can be use
to make cheese and yogurt.
f)Making medicines such as antibiotic.
Fungi are used to produce antibiotic.
Microorganisms can be harmful too!
Here are some harmful effects of microorganisms.
Some microorganisms that enter the body can cause illness.
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