1. Humans are dominant living things on Earth as compared to other living organisms such as plants,animals and microorganisms.
2. Human’s physical appearances such as moderate body size and ability to walk with the backbone straight up with well-developed brain give a special position for humans on Earth.
3. Humans have the ability to think and solve problems and this has become the reason for humans to rule the world for many centuries.
4. A human, no matter how great wise, still needs other living thing and non-living systems to support life.
5. The following are the four main basic needs for humans:
a) food
b)water
c)air
d)shelter
Food
1. Food is very important for humans as it gives energy to do the daily routine and work. Besides that, humans also need food to provide energy to warm up the body.
2. Without food, one can still survive but not for too long before one starves to death. Food is important for humans to grow and stay healthy.
3. A human without enough food will face many health problems and may enter a malnutrition condition. Malnutrition is a medical term reffered to a person who has inadequate nutrition or food.
4. However,it does not mean that eating excessive amounts of food is good for health either.
5. Over- eating will cause other problems to our health such as obesity. Therefore, it is important to have a healthy and balanced diet to promote a healthy life.
6. A balanced diet should should contain the right propotion of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamin, minerals and water.
7. No one food item contains all the necessary nutrients needed by the human body. Thus humans must consume a variety of food to obtain all the essential nutrients.
8. A food pyramid shows the ranking of the food family and its proposed consumption.
1. Water is another important component as it makes up two thirds of the human body.
Humans need water to:
a)control body temperature
b)transport food to the whole body
c)transport excreted and toxic materials out of the body
2. Water is also needed by the body to run its basic activities and for us to grow and stay healthy. Without water, the body cannot perform its task and it will lead to deadth few days later.
3. Most of the food that is consume every day contains large propotion of water. That’s why we are still enjoying our life although we are taking only a little water.
4. Some foods, especially fruits and vegetables, contain a lot of water. The friuts that contain a high amount of water are normally made into juices. These include watermelon and orange juices and they become a source of water.
Air
1. Air surrounds us but we cannot touch it. We can only feel te movement of the air which is commonly known by wind.
2. Air can dissolve in water
3. Air, especially oxygen, is very important for the survival of humans.
4. Oxygen is needed by our body to release energy from the food we have taken.
5. When we breathe in, air from the atmosphere will enter our lungs and later supply to our cells fresh oxygen.
6. Humans can only survive for a couple of minutes if there is no oxygen.
7. If anyone can survive,after a long period without oxygen, they most probably will suffer from brain damage.
8. Brain damage is a condition where part or all of the brain cells in a persin fails to function properly.
9. If a person is supplied with pure oxygen, he will also would not be able to survive as all his/her cells will die due to oxygen toxicity.
Shelter
1. Shelter or better known as house is a place of humans to live in.
2. A house is also a form of protection for humans. It protects us from danger, the sun and also the rain.
3. In the mordern day,there are many types of houses available. For example:
a) Bungalow
b)Semi-detached house
c)Terrace House
d)Flat
e)Condominium
f)Apartment
-Animals have basic needs
Animal’s Basic needs
1. Animals are like humans. They need all the necessary basic needs such as
a)food
b)water
c)air
d)shelter
2. However,the types of basic needs between humans and animals are slightly different
Food
1. The diet of animals is varied between family and species. No matter what type of animals,food is important for them to grow and stay healthy.
2. Since both humans and animals cannot make their own food, they have to hun for food. In general, animals can be classified into three groups:
a)Carnivores
b)Herbivores
c)Omnivores
3. Carnivores are animals that only eat other animals. For example:
a)Lion
b)Tiger
4. Herbivores are animals that only eat plants. For example:
a)Goat
b)Buffalo
5. Omnivores are like humans in that they eat both animals and plants. For example:
a)Cat
b)Chicken
Water
1. Water is one essential components of a living thing. It is needed by all types of animals to grow and stay healthy.
2. However,some animals such as bears can enter a long sleeping stage known as hibernation and can survive without food and water for several months.
3. Moreover,for some animals, it is crucial for them to have water all the time. Marine and water creatures must stay in water most of time or they will die if ther’s no water.
Air
1. Air is important for all living systems. However,the form of air taen by different types of animals may vary.
2. Fishes that live in the water all the time will have have to take the dissolved oxygen in the water hile the animals on land will take the oxygen from the atmosphere.
3. However,some animals such as frogs that live in both land and water can take in oxygen in both ways.
Shelter
1. Shelter is important for animals to proect themselves from danger, sun and rain. Shelter for different types of animals is not the same.
2. Types of shelters for animals:
a)Nest-bird
b)Cave-bat
c)Holes-worm and ant
Plants have basic needs
-Plant’s basic needs
1.Plants are another type of living system. However, plants are little different from the two living systems mentioned earlier.
2.Plants have a unique living system as they can make their own food. Plants also cannot move from place to place.
3.Plants, especially big trees act as a shelter for som animals such as squirrels and birds. However, plants also have their basic needs such as:
a)water b)air c)sunlight
Water
1.Plants need water to carryout their own activities. Water from te ground is absorbed by the plants by their roots.
2.Plants needs water to:
a)control their temperature
b)make food through the photosynthesis process
3.Plants will die when there is no supply of water.
Air
1. Plants need oxygen to breathe and carbon dioxide to make their own food. Breathing is a continious process that all living organisms must do.
2. However, plants can use carbon dioxide to make their own food through the photsynthesis process. During photosynthesis, plants will release oxygen gas to atmospheere and act as an oxygen generator.
Sunlight
1.Plants can make their own food. Plants need sunlight to make food through the photosynthesis process.
2.Plants will die if there is no sunlight for a long period time. Photosynthesis is a process by which carbon dioxide and water are changed into food substances (sugars) by plants.
No comments:
Post a Comment